Manual/PartVIII/Shape Keys
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Overview 前瞻
Shape keys allow for the storage of relative shapes from a base mesh. Other 3d applications may call these 'morph targets'. These shapes can be blended on a percent basis with other shape keys to achieve the desired effect. Take for example a face. The user may model a face with a neutral expression and have shape keys for a smile, a frown, left eye closed, right eye closed, etc. Then, shape keys would have the allow the combination of them, So, the mesh could be smiling with its left eye closed all the way and the right eye closed at 50%
形状键允许存储基础网格的关系形状,其他3D软件可能称这个为"morph targets".这些形状和其他的形状键的百分比混合达成一定效果.拿一个脸部举例.使用者创建一个没有表情的人物脸部,然后使用形状键制作笑脸,皱眉,左眼闭住,右眼闭住等,然后,形状键允许这些表情结合,所以,网格可以做到在微笑中闭住左眼和右眼关闭50%.
Usage使用
Creating Shape Keys
创建变形键
Inserting the Basis Mesh
插入基础网格
(please note that Shape keys will be referred to as either Shapes or Keys throughout this document interchangably)
Starting with a base mesh, the user enables shape keys by inserting the basis key. This is accomplished by selecting the mesh object and pressing the IKEY then choosing Mesh. Alternately, this step can be done by selecting the mesh object, going to the Editing Buttons (F9) and select the Shapes panel. Then click the Add Shape Key button. 创建基础网格,可以使用变形键插入基础键.选择物体按IKEY键然后选择Mesh. 这一阶段选择网格物体完成,到编辑按钮(F9) ,选择Shapes 面板,按Add Shape Key键.
Inserting Additional Shape Keys
插入增加变形键
Once the basis shape key has been created, the user can create additional shape keys in the same way. With the mesh selected, either by pressing the IKEY then choosing Mesh or clicking the Add Shape Key button. In the Shapes panel, a new Key will be created. If this is the first shape created after the basis shape, it will be called Key 1. 基本的变形键创建完成.在网格被选择的情况下,可以使用相同的方法增加变形键.也可以按IKEY 然后选择Mesh 或按Add Shape Key 按钮增加变形键.在 Shapes 面板,一个新的键创建好了,如果这是在基本变形键创建后创建的第一个变形键,那么这个叫做Key 1.
One item to note here, When creating a new shape, the new shape will be based off the current selected shape. When creating shapes from the basis shape, the new shape will be a copy of that shape, if the user creates a new shape while another altered shape is selected, the new shape will be a copy of that altered shape. 有一条要注意,当创建新的变形的时候,这个变形将基于当前选择的形状,新的变形会从基础变形上复制一个变形,当创建一个新的变形时选择的是其他变形形态(还是物体本身,只是形状变了),新的变形将会复制这个已经变形的形态.
Additional keys can be renamed from their automatic names by clicking on the Shape name in the Shapes panel.
增加键可以重新命名他们自动给予的名字,在Shapes面板,点变形名称重新命名.
Altering Shape Keys
改变变形键
Once an additional key is created, it can be editted by choosing it from the Shapes panel. This can be accomplished 2 ways. It can be chosen from the popup menu or be cycled to, using the arrow buttons.
添加好一个键后.可以选择该键,在Shapes 面板内编辑.这里有2个方法可以做,1是在弹出菜单,2是使用箭头按钮. Once the desired key is selected, the shape can be altered by entering editmode TAB and moving the verticies.
选择要改变的键, 进入TAB编辑模式然后移动顶点来改变变形. Note: Adding or deleting a vertex once shape keys have been added is very tricky. The changes are propagated to the other shapes based on their position in the current shape, this can have drastic effects on other shapes.
Note: 一旦变形键添加后,增加或删除顶点会非常麻烦.改变顶点会影响到全部的变形.(黎叔很生气)后果很严重.
As the shapes are selected in the Shapes panel, the altered shapes will be shown on the mesh object.
在Shapes面板,变形全部选择后,改变变形会出现在网格物体上.
Pinning 销连接
When a mesh object does not have a pinned key, it can show multiple keys at once. To prevent this, click on the pin icon.
当网格物体没有销连接键,一次会出现很多键,按pin按钮会防止这种事情发生.
The current mesh object is now locked at that shape key, and will only show that key. This feature is useful when multiple keys are affecting a mesh object and the user would like to see the effect of one key in particular.
现在的网格物体现在被变形键锁定,只会显示这个键,当太多的键会影响到网格物体的时候这个会很有用,用户也会喜欢看到只有一个键显示的效果.
Shape Gallery 变形库
One other use for pinning is to create a shape gallery.
使用销连接后会创建一个变形库.
Since Blender allows for the creation of Linked Duplicates which share underlying data (e.g. mesh and shape key data) multiple copies of a mesh can be created using ALT-D.
blender允许创建一个复制连共享其数据.复制多个网格可以使用ALT-D. Once a duplicate has been created, move the duplicate to a different area of the screen. Pin the duplicate to a shape key by clicking the pin icon in the Shapes panel. Finally, reselect the 'original' mesh. If this is done for each key, a shape (or key) gallery emerges (which also helps in editing keys).
复制创建好后,把复制品移动到其他地方,在变形面板按销连接按钮销连接复制品到一个变形键.最后,重新选择最初的网格,如果任何键都作好，一个变形(或键)库完成.
Mixing Shape Keys 混合变形键
Shape Keys can be mixed in several different ways. These methods have the same net effect of creating IPO data, but are different in interface.
变形键可以用几种不同方法混合,这些方法都有一个相同的结果就是创建IPO数据,但是界面不同.
Shapes Panel Shapes面板
In the Shapes panel when a key is not pinned, it has an additional row of buttons; value, min and max.
在Shapes面板,一个键没有销连接,会增加一行按钮;值,最小和最大.
The first slider in the current value of that key at the current frame. Adjusting the value will insert or adjust a control point in the shape key control curve at the current frame. By going to each shape and adjusting the value, a mixed shape can be created for the current frame.
第一个滑动杆是当前键的当前值.在当前桢的变形键控制曲线插入或调校控制点,到每一个变形然后调校值.在当前桢就会创建好一个混合变形. The min and max buttons adjust the boundary values for the value slider both in the Shapes panel and the Action Editor Window.
使用Shapes面板和Action Editor窗口滑动杆调校边界值最小和最大.
It is best to set up shapes, and min/max settings in the Shapes Panel, and mix them in the Action Editor.
放置变形的最好方法,在Shapes 设置min/max ,在Action Editor.混合.
Action Editor Window 动作编辑窗口
In the Action Editor Window, expand the Sliders button and use the sliders to adjust the key values at the current frame. The min / max values set in the Shapes panel are reflected in the Action Editor window sliders for that shape.
在Action Editor 窗口,使用(Sliders)滑动杆调校当前桢的键值.min / max 值在Shapes 面板中设置好,会反射到Action Editor 窗口滑动杆所应用.
If there is not already a keyframe at the frame indicated by the green line, a new keyframe will be added.
如果在绿色线显示部分没有键桢,新的键桢就会添加上.
IPO Window IPO 窗口
The IPO Window is the underlying data that is being controlled by the other mixing methods. It is in this window where the values are mapped to frames for each shape key. In order to access the Shape key IPOs, select Shape from the IPO type popup menu in the IPO Window header. Each shape key will be shown in the IPO list on the right side and can be altered in the same manner as any IPO in Blender. See the IPO documentation for more information.
IPO 窗口是被另一个混合方法的数据所控制,在这窗口,每一个变形键,值都会被映射到桢.访问变形键的IPO,在IPO弹出菜单中选择Shape,每一个变形键都会显示在IPO列表的左侧,都会变成象blender中的任何IPO那样,详细信息请参照文挡.
IPO Drivers IPO驱动器
See the IPO Driver documentation for information regarding how to set up an IPO Driver. IPO Drivers work in the same manner for Shape Key IPOs as any other IPO type.
参照IPO驱动器稳当了解怎样安装IPO驱动器,IPO驱动器工作方式与任何其他IPO类型的变形键IPO一样.
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